UAS：Unmanned aircraft systems无人机系统

Conformity evaluation process according to the Regulation (EU) 2019/945 based on unmanned aircraft system

根据法规(EU) 2019/945基于无人机系统的符合性评估流程

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1 UAS CATEGORIES 无人机类别

1）Open 类别

Lowest risk; 低风险
UA divided into 5 classes: C0 – C4; 无人机分为C0 – C4 5类
Operations divided into 3 subcategories: A1 – A3, on the basis of operational limitations, requirements for the remote pilot and technical requirements for UAS; 操作分为3个子类别:A1—A3，根据操作限制、对远程飞行员的要求和对无人机系统的技术要求;

要求REQUIREMENTS

✓ MTOM < 25 kg; 低于25千克

✓ UA does not carry dangerous goods; 不携带危险品

✓ UA does not drop any material; 不掉任何材料

✓ No autonomous operations; 没有自主操作;

✓ Remote pilot minimum age 16, unless supervised远程飞行员最低年龄16岁，除非有人监督

✓ Remote pilot keeps the UA in VLOS 视距内飞行

✓ UA does not fly over assemblies of people; 不会飞过人群聚集的地方

✓ UA is maintained within 120 m from the closest point of the surface of the earth, except when overflying an obstacle (permission required from entity responsible for obstacle); 距离地球表面最近点的距离不超过120米，除非飞越障碍物(需要获得障碍物负责单位的许可);

2）Specific 类别

Classes C5 & C6 have same technical requirements as class C3 UAS with addition of:

C5和C6级无人机的技术要求与C3级无人机相同，但增加了:

1. Health monitor of the C2 link; C2链接的运行状况监视;

2. Provide information on UA speed and height; 提供无人机速度和高度信息;

3. Flight Termination system; 飞行终止系统;

4. Optional geo-awareness; 可选的地理感知;

C5：

No fixed wings没有固定的机翼
Means to reduce the effect of the UA dynamics (i.e. Parachute); 减少UA动态影响的方法(如降落伞)
Accessories kit to transform a class C3 UAS；改装C3级无人机的配件套件

C6:

Provide information on UA position; 提供无人机位置信息;
Maximum ground speed ＜50 m/s；最大地面速度<50米/秒
Geo-caging;地理锁定
Low speed mode selectable up to 5m/s; 低速模式可选，最高5m/s;
Automatic modes; 自动模式

3）Certified 类别

要求

Certification of aircraft 飞机认证
Certification of the operator 操作员认证
Licensing of remote pilots遥控飞行员的证件

UAS operations are always considered to be in the ‘certified’ category when they:

当UAS的操作被认为是在“认证”的类别:

1. Are conducted over assemblies of people with a UA with characteristic dimensions ≥ 3m; or 是否在UA特征尺寸≥3m的人群集会上进行或者

2. Involve the transport of people; or包括人员运输;或

3. Involve the carriage of dangerous goods that may result in a high risk for third parties in the event of an accident 涉及危险货物的运输，可能导致高风险的第三方在事故的情况下

A UAS operation belongs to the ‘certified’ category when, based on the risk assessment, the competent authority considers that the risk cannot be mitigated adequately without the:

如果主管当局根据风险评估认为，如果不具备以下条件，就无法充分降低风险，则无人机系统操作属于“认证”类别:

1. Certification of the airworthiness of the UAS; “无人飞行系统”适航认证;

2. Certification of the UAS operator; and UAS操作员的认证

3. Licensing of the remote pilot, unless the UAS is fully autonomous. 远程飞行员的许可，除非无人机是完全自主的。